Ruzivo rwevamabhizinesi pamusoro penyaya yeBREXIT kubva kumusangano weBazi

II. Mamiriro ezvinhu kana pasina kubvumirana pane ramangwana rehukama

Ruzivo rwazvino kubva kuEuropean Commission pachiitiko pasina chibvumirano chehukama hweramangwana:

1. ZVINHU UYE ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU UYE ZVINHU

Kana pasina chibvumirano chehukama hweramangwana kana chibvumirano chekutengeserana pachena, EU neUnited Kingdom dzichava nyika dzisingabatanidzi kupera kwenguva yekuchinja chibvumirano chekutengeserana . izvi zvinoreva kuti hukama hwekutengeserana huchatongwa chete nemitemo yeWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) uye mapato ese ari maviri achashanda kune mumwe nemumwe mukutengeserana matanho sekuti EU iri kushanda kune dzimwe nyika dzechitatu iyo isina kutengeserana kwakasarudzika. zvibvumirano. Mukutengeserana kwezvinhu, izvi zvinoshanda kunyanya pamitero yekunze kwenyika, pamwe netsika nemaitiro ane chekuita nekuburitswa kwezvinhu.

United Kingdom ichabvuma kutengwa kwayo kwega kwega, izvo zvichange zviri kushanda kwegore risingasviki 1 : mari yemitengo yeEU, asi ichashanda pazvinhu zvinonzwisa tsitsi chete : nyama yemombe nenguruve, gwayana, huku, hove, bota, chizi, mafuta anodyika nemafuta, shuga, mupunga , mabhanana, ethanol, zvinwiwa zvinodhaka, mota (zvikamu hazvizove pasi pebasa), ceramics, fetereza, mafuta emafuta, machira nembatya; matai. Tariffs ichavhara zvinhu zvinobva kune dzimwe nyika dzisingasarudze, kusanganisira EU27 . Tariff inodiwa inongoshanda kune zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika kubva kunyika idzo UK yakatotaurirana nadzo zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvakasarudzwa (semuChile, Switzerland, Israel, Faroe Islands, nyika dzeESA - East neSouth Africa) uye kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira pasi peGeneralized System of Preferences. Panguva imwecheteyo, UK ichatora kubva kuEU anti-dumping uye countervailing duties pazvinhu makumi mana nematatu zviri pasi pematanho ekuchengetedza EU ichipikisa uye nekupa rubatsiro kubva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kunyika dzechitatu (hazvizoshandiswi kune zvinobva kunze kubva kuEU27).

Mukufambirana nekushandiswa kwemabasa enguva pfupi, United Kingdom icharamba ichitaurirana muWTO pamusoro pezvishandiso zvayo zvitsva zvekuzvipira, izvo zvinosanganisirawo mabasa matsva echokwadi. Kunyorwa kwazvino kwezvisungo zveGATT neGATS zveUnited Kingdom zvakakurukurwa muWTO zvinogoneka. pa https: // www. gov.uk / hurumende / zvinyorwa / uk-goods-and-services-schedules-at-the-wto . Nekugamuchirwa kwezvishandiso zvitsva zveUnited Kingdom zvekuzvipira kuWTO, basa renguva pfupi richapera uye mabasa chaiwo achatanga kushanda.

Kune zvimwe zvinhu, iyo UK inogona kutevedzera zviri nyore mabasa anosanganisirwa muEU chirongwa chezvipikirwa (sezvakataurwa pamusoro). Zvakadaro, izvi hazvigoneke kune zvinhu zviri pasi pemutero. Mutero wemugove unoreva kuti humwe huwandu hwezvinhu hunogona kutengwa kunze kwenyika nemutengo wakadzikiswa kana zero. Kana zvinhu izvi zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika zvikasvika pachiyero chemutero, mutero wepamusoro uchashanda kwavari. Mutero wemitengo wakatemerwa muWTO kuti uenderane nezvinodiwa neEU zveNyika makumi maviri nesere. yakasimba>. Muchirevo cheBrexit, EU ivo vachagovera tariff quotas iripo ikozvino yakatemerwa EU 28 . Zvakadaro, nzira yekupatsanura inofanirwa kubvumwa nenhengo dzeWTO dzinechekuita , saka pari zvino EU iri kutaurirana navo nezvenyaya iyi. Kana zvisingaite kupedzisa zvibvumirano pakugoverwa kwemitengo yemitengo nenhengo dzese dzeWTO dzine chekuita nezuva iro WTO Charter of Concessions and Commitments yeEU inomira kushanda ku. the UK, EU yakapa mutero unilaterally quotas kune nzira inoenderana nezvinodiwa neChinyorwa XXVIII cheGATT 1994 2013-2015 ) Mutero wazvino weEU-28 wakanyorwa pawebhusaiti yeFinancial Directorate yeSlovak Republic yakatakurwa kuenda kunharaunda yetsika dzeEU kubva kana kutumirwa kunze kwenyika kubva munzvimbo iyoyo kuti itakurwe kuenda kuUnited Kingdom inotarisirwa kutariswa netsika uye anogona kuve pasi pekutonga kwetsika zvinoenderana neRegulation (EU) Nha 952/2013 ye9 Gumiguru 2013 ichigadzira iyo Union Customs Code. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuti mitemo yetsika nemamiriro ekunze ishande, zviziviso zvetsika zvinofanirwa kuiswa uye vezvekubuda kwezvinhu vanokwanisa kuvimbisa chero zvikwereti kana zviripo.

Zvinhu zviri zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika munzvimbo yetsika dzeEU kubva kuUnited Kingdom zviri pasi peKanzuru Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93. Kanzuru Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 ye23 Chikunguru 1987 pamusoro pemutero uye nhamba yezita rezita uye paCommon Customs Tariff. Izvi zvinoreva kuita mabasa anoshanda .

Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinopinda kana kubuda muEU kubva kuUnited Kingdom, zvirambidzo kana zvirambidzo pazvikonzero zvegwaro reruzhinji kana kuchengetedzwa kweruzhinji, kuchengetedzwa kwehutano nehupenyu hwevanhu, mhuka kana zvirimwa, kana kuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi hwenyika. Rondedzero yezvirambidzo uye zvirambidzo zvakadaro inoburitswa pawebhusaiti yeDG TAXUD uye inowanikwa pa:

Zvinhu zvinobva kuUnited Kingdom zvakabatanidzwa muzvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuEU kuenda kunyika dzechitatu hazvichanzi "zvemukati meEU" nechinangwa chemutemo weEU wekutengeserana wakafanana. Izvi zvinokanganisa kugona kwevanotengesa kunze kweEU kuti vaunganidze zvinhu zvinobva kuUnited Kingdom uye zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwemitengo yakasarudzika yakabvumiranwa neMubatanidzwa nenyika dzechitatu.

2. INDIRECT TAXES (VAT A MITERO) PAKUNHU ZVINHU NEZVINHU NEZVINHU

Zvinhu zvinopinda munzvimbo yemutero weEU (VAT) kubva kuUnited Kingdom kana kutumirwa kana kutakurwa kubva kunharaunda yemutero weEU (VAT) kuenda kuUnited Kingdom zvichatorwa sekutengesa kunze kana kutumira kunze zvinhu muUnited Kingdom. maererano neDirective 2006/112 / EC ye28 Mbudzi 2006 pane yakajairwa system yemutero wakawedzerwa (inozonzi "VAT Directive"). Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuchaja VAT pane zvinobva kunze asi zvinotengeswa kunze zvisingabhadharwi VAT .

Vanhu vanobhadhariswa mutero vanoda kubatsirwa kubva kune chimwe chezvirongwa zvakakosha zveTitle XII, Chitsauko 6 cheVAT Directive (inonzi yakarerutswa nzvimbo imwe chete yekusangana kana chirongwa che'MOSS') uye vanopa nhaurirano, terevhizheni neredhiyo mabasa emagetsi kuvanhu vasingabhadharise muEU, vanozofanirwa kunyoresa pasi peMOSS muEU Member State.

Vanhu vanobhadhariswa mutero vakagadzwa muUnited Kingdom, tenga zvinhu nemasevhisi kana zvinhu kunze kwenyika zviri pasi peVAT muNyika Yenhengo yeEU uye uchida kudaidzira kudzoserwa kweVAT iyi hauchakwanisa kuzviita nemagetsi maringe neKanzuru Directive 2008/9 / EC, asi inofanirwa kuitora zvinoenderana. neKanzuru Directive 86/560 / EEC. Nhengo dzeNyika dzinogona kudzosera mari pasi pechirairo ichi zvichienderana nekuwirirana.

Kambani yakavambwa kuUnited Kingdom inoita matransactions anotereswa muEU Member State ingangoda kuti Nhengo yeNyika idome mumiririri wemutero semunhu anofanirwa kubhadhara VAT zvinoenderana neVAT Directive.

Kufambiswa kwezvinhu zvinopinda muEU kubva kuUnited Kingdom kana kutumirwa kana kutakurwa kuenda kuUnited Kingdom kubva kuEU kunotorwa sekutengesa kunze kana kutumira kunze kwe mutero wezvinhu. basa maererano neKanzuru Directive 2008/118 / EC 16 Zvita 2008 pane general system yemitero yemitero. Izvi zvinoreva, pakati pezvimwe, kuti Excise Movement Control System (EMCS) haichashanda pachayo kune yakambomiswa kufamba kwekutengesa zvinhu kubva kuEU kuenda kuUnited Kingdom, sangano iri richatorwa sekutengesa kunze kwenyika, uye excise duty surveillance kupera. pakubuda muEU. Naizvozvo, chiziviso chekutumira kunze kwenyika pamwe negwaro rekutonga remagetsi (e-AD) richadikanwa pakufambisa kwekutengesa zvinhu kuUnited Kingdom. Mateesheni etsika achafanirwa kupedzwa zvinhu zvekunze zvisati zvatakurwa kubva kuUK kuenda kuEU zvisati zvatakurwa pasi pechirongwa cheEMCS.

Maitirwo etsika mushure meBrexit: https://www.financnasprava.sk/sk/danovi-a-colni-specialist/clo/brexit .

zvinhu zvinopinzwa kunze kuEU kubva kunyika dzechitatu idzo EU ine zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvakanyanyonangana nadzo zvinoiswa mukutemerwa zvakanyanya kana vakasangana nezvinodiwa zvinodiwa mitemo yekwakabva. Mukuona kwaanobva zvinhu zvinogadzirwa munyika yechitatu iyo EU ine chibvumirano chekutengeserana chakasarudzika, zvinopinda muzvinhu izvo zvinobva muEU (zvinhu uye, mune zvimwe zvibvumirano, mashandiro ekugadzirisa) zvichaonekwa sezviri kubva muEU iyoyo. nyika (kuunganidza nemaitiro kutema kwekwavanofarira zvakanyorwa muzvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvakakosha uye zvinogona kusiyana kubva kuchibvumirano chimwe kuenda kune chimwe. nyika dzechitatu inogona kuwanikwa pa https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/calculation-customs-duties/rules-origin/general-aspects-preferential-origin/arrangements-list_en .

Mukuona kwaanobva, EU inoonekwa senzvimbo imwechete isina mutsauko pakati peNhengo dzeNyika. Naizvozvo, zvekushandisa kubva kuUnited Kingdom (materials kana mashandiro ekugadzirisa) parizvino zvinoonekwa se "EU zvemukati" pakusarudza kwaunoda kwakabva zvinhu muEU.

Kwakabva zvinhu zviremera zvehurumende zvekwakabva ") kana vanotengesa kunze (zvichienderana nemvumo yekutanga kana kunyoreswa) mu" zviziviso "kana" zvitupa "zvakabva pamagwaro ekutengesa. Kwakabva zvinhu zvinogona, kana zvakumbirwa neBato ririkuunza kunze kwenyika, kutariswa neBato rinoburitsa kunze.

Sehumbowo hwekutevedzera zvinodiwa nekwakabva, mutengesi anotora kubva kuvatengesi vake zvinyorwa zvinotsigira (se" supplier declarations ") izvo zvinobvumira EU ku kutsvaga maitiro ekugadzira uye kuendesa kwezvinhu kusvika kune kunze kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Kuti izvi zviitike, vanotengesa kunze uye vagadziri veEU vanoshandisa masisitimu eakaunzi, marekodhi uye magwaro anotsigira anowanikwa kwavari muEU.

ZVINOITWA NEHUMAMBO HWEUMAMBO HWEKUbatanidzwa

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, United Kingdom ichava nyika yechitatu kumira EU zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana nenyika dzechitatu. Zvekupinza kubva kuUnited Kingdom (zvishandiso kana mashandiro ekugadzirisa) zvinoonekwa se "zvisiri zvekutanga" muchibvumirano chekutengeserana chakasarudzika kana pachitariswa mabviro akasarudzika ezvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira izvi zvekupinza. Izvi zvinoreva:

Zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuEU:

Kubva pazuva rekubuda, nyika iyo EU ine chibvumirano chekutengeserana pachena inogona kuona kuti zvinhu zvanga zvakanyanyonangwa muEU zuva rekubuda risati rasvika hazvichazadzisa zvinodiwa panguva yazvinopinzwa kunze. iyo nyika yechitatu, sezvo zvinyorwa kubva kuUnited Kingdom zvisingatariswe se "EU zvemukati".

Pakutarisa kwakabva zvinhu zvinotengeswa kune imwe nyika pasi pemabatirwo akasarudzika, iyo nyika yechitatu, kubva pazuva rekubuda kwayo, ingada kuti vatengesi veEU-27 varatidze mabviro avo muEU, sezvo zvekushandisa kubva kuUnited Kingdom zvisiri. kwenguva refu yakatorwa se "zviri mukati". z />

Zvekushandisa kubva kuUnited Kingdom zvinosanganisirwa muzvinhu zvakawanikwa munyika dzechitatu idzo EU ine zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvakasarudzika uye zvinopinzwa muEU zvichange "zvisiri zvemabviro" kubva pazuva rekubuda, kunyanya maererano nekuunganidzwa kwekwakabva. neEU.

Kana iri ongororo yekwakabva zvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika muEU, vanotengesa kunze kwenyika vari munyika dzechitatu vanogona kudiwa kubva pazuva rekubuda kuti varatidze kwakabva zvinhu zvinounzwa kunze kwenyika muEU.

RUDZIDZO KUVANHU VAnofarira

Zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuEU:

Nekuda kwemhedzisiro iri pamusoro, vatengesi nevanogadzira kunze kwenyika muEU-27 avo vari kuda kunyorera kuti vabatsirwe zvakanyanya munyika iyo EU ine chibvumirano chekutengeserana pachena kubva pazuva rekubuda vanokurudzirwa ku:

• Mukuona kwavanoda kwavakatangira zvinhu zvavo muEU, vakafunga zvekupinda kubva Umambo se nep isiri-yakabva '; uye ku

• tora matanho akakodzera kuvabvumira kuratidza kwavanoda kunobva kwezvinhu zvavo muEU kana pakazoita ongororo, vasingatarise zvakabuda kuUnited Kingdom se "EU content".

Zvinhu zvakapinzwa kunze kuEU:

Vatengesi veEU-27 vanokurudzirwa kuti vaone kuti mutengesi akwanisa kuratidza kwaanobva zvinhu zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika muEU, kana tichitarisa mhedzisiro yekubviswa kweUK.

Webhusaiti yeKomisheni yemitero nemubatanidzwa wetsika: https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/calculation-customs-duties/rules-origin/general-aspects-preferential-origin_en < / a>

uye kuwana dhatabhesi mamwe mashoko pamusoro pezvakasarudzika zvezvinhu. Saiti ino ichagadziridzwa nerumwe ruzivo sezvinodiwa.

4. TRADE IN SERVICES

Saizvozvo, munzvimbo yekutengeserana mumasevhisi, hukama hwekutengeserana huchaomeswa nekuwedzera kwemitoro yekutonga, sezvo vanopa masevhisi vachazodikanwa kuti vazvimisikidze / kunyoresa mu nyika inogamuchira nenzira yakafanana neyevanopa masevhisi kubva kunyika dzechitatu. Kudyidzana hukama huchatongwa chete nemitemo yeWTO uye neEU uye UK kusachengetedzwa. Mazita ekuchengetedzwa ane zvikamu zvebasa umo Bato Rinobvumirana rakachengeta kodzero (asi kwete chisungo) kutora matanho erusarura kana ekudzivirira. Aya mazita ekuchengetedzwa mukutengeserana mumasevhisi anomiririra imwe nhanho inosungirwa nenyika. Zvakadaro, nekuona pachena kwehupfumi hwenyika mbiri idzi, EU neUnited Kingdom dziri kupa mukana uri nani kumisika yadzo pane zvavanenge vazvipira kuita muWTO. UK Charter neEU Charter zvichawanikwa pawebhusaiti yeWTO: https: //www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/serv_commitments_e.htm .

5. IMPORT / EXPORT RESERENSI ANODIWA PASI PAMUTEMO WEUNION

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemutemo weMubatanidzwa, zvimwe zvinhu zviri pasi pemvumo inomanikidzwa / kubvumidzwa / kuziviswa kwezvinotumirwa kubva kune imwe nyika yechitatu kuenda kuEuropean Union kana zvinopesana (zvino zvinozonzi "import / marezinesi ekunze"). Kazhinji, rezinesi rekutakura mukati meMubatanidzwa haridiwi kana kusiyanisa. Marezinesi ekupinza / kunze kwenyika anowanzo kupihwa nevakuru venyika vakakodzera uye kutevedza kunotariswa sechikamu chekutonga kwetsika muEuropean Union.

Kubva pazuva rekusimuka, kana kupinza kana kuendesa kunze kwenyika zvinhu kuri pasi pemutemo wekupihwa rezenisi pasi pemutemo weMubatanidzwa, zvinotakurwa kubva ku27 EU Member States kuenda kuUnited Kingdom zvichipesana zvinoda rezinesi rakadaro rekunze. /p>

MAREZENSI YEKUpinza / KUTUMA kunze kwenyika AKAPIWA NEUNITED KINGDOM SENHENGO YEEU PASI POMTEMO WEUNION

.

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, marezinesi ekupinza/kutumira kunze akatopihwa neUnited Kingdom seNyika yenhengo yeEU pasi pemutemo weMubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinotumirwa kunyika makumi maviri nenomwe dzeEU kubva kunyika dzechitatu zvichipesana.

ZVINHU ZVINOKOSHA

Marezinesi ekupinza / kunze kwenyika aripo zvakanyanya nzvimbo dzemitemo uye zvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu, kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Marara [Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 yeEuropean Parliament uye yeKanzuru] 1013/2006 yemusi wa14 Chikumi 2006 pakutakura marara]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, tarisa iyo thematic webhusaiti: http://ec.europa. eu /environment/waste/shipments/index.htm .
• Mamwe makemikari ane ngozi [Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 yeEuropean Parliament uye yeKanzuru 649/2012 yemusi wa4 Chikunguru 2012 pamusoro pekutengeswa kunze kwenyika uye kunze kwenyika kwemakemikari ane njodzi]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira mawebhusaiti ane thematic anotevera: [Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council]. 1005/2009 ya16 Gunyana 2009 pazvinhu zvinopedza ozone layer]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira iyo thematic webhusaiti: [Regulation (EU) 2017/852 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru ye17 Chivabvu 2017 pane mercury]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira webhusaiti ine thematic inotevera: http://ec.europa .eu /environment/chemicals/mercury/regulation_en.htm.
• Zvikonzero zvezvinodhaka [Council Regulation (EC) No 111/2005 yemusi wa22 Zvita 2004 ichiisa mitemo yekutarisa kutengeserana kwezvinodhaka zvinotangira pakati peNharaunda nenyika yechitatu]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, tarisa webhusaiti ine thematic: https: // ec. europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/customs-controls/drug-precursors-control_en
• Zvipenyu zvakagadziridzwa [Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru] 1946/2003 ye15 Chikunguru 2003 pamusoro pekufamba-famba zvipenyu zvakagadziridzwa]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira webhusaiti ine thematic inotevera: https://ec.europa.eu /chikafu / chirimwa / gmo / transboundary_en .
• vanhu vemarudzi ari mungozi yokutsakatika [Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 yemusi wa9 Zvita 1996 pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi emhuka dzesango nemaruva nekudzora kutengeserana imomo]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona webhusaiti ine thematic inotevera: [Council Regulation (EC) Nha. 116/2009 yemusi wa18 Zvita 2008 pamusoro pekutengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinhu zvetsika]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira webhusaiti ine thematic inotevera: https: //ec .europa .eu / taxation_customs / bhizinesi / tsika-kutonga / tsika-zvinhu_en .
• madhaimani akashata [Council Regulation (EC) No Kubva 20 Zvita 2002 chirongwa cheKimberly Process chekupa zvitupa chekutengeserana kwenyika dzekunze kwemangoda chiri kuitwa]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira webhusaiti ine thematic inotevera: http: / / ec .europa.eu / dgs / fpi / what-we-do / kimberley_process_en.htm .
• Zvinhu zvinoshandisa kaviri [Council Regulation (EC) Kwete 428/2009 yemusi wa5 Chivabvu 2009 kumisa hutongi hweNzvimbo yekutumira kunze, kutakura, kukwereta uye kufambiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zviviri]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira iyo thematic webhusaiti ...
• Pfuti nezvombo [Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 yeEuropean Parliament uye yeKanzuru 258/2012 ye14 Kurume 2012 kuita Chisungo chegumi cheUnited Nations Protocol ichipokana neKugadzirwa Kusiri pamutemo kwePfuti, Zvikamu Zvavo uye Zvikamu uye Zvombo, ichiwedzera Chibvumirano cheUnited Nations. Kupesana nekuparwa kwemhosva dzakarongwa dzepasi rose (UN Firearms Protocol) uye kuisa pasi mvumo uye matanho ane chekuita nekupinzwa nekutakurwa kwepfuti, nhengo dzadzo nezvikamu nepfuti]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira webhusaiti ine musoro unotevera: (Council Common Position 2008/944 / CFSP ya8 Zvita 2008 inotsanangura mitemo yakajairika inotonga kudzora kunze kwehunyanzvi hwemauto nemidziyo); The EU Common Military List inoshanda senzvimbo yekunongedza kune Nhengo dzeNyika' mazita ehunyanzvi hwemauto nemidziyo, asi haazvitsive zvakananga. Shanduro yezvinozvino yeEU Common Military List yakatsikiswa mu Ú. mu. OJ C 97, 28.3.2017, p. 1.
• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kuendesa mutsara Kanzuru Regulation (EC) Nha 1236/2005 yemusi wa27 Chikumi 2005 maererano nekutengeserana mune zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa mutongo werufu, kurwadziswa kana humwe hutsinye, husina hunhu kana kubatwa kana kurangwa zvinodzikisira]; Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanya: http: // ec .europa.eu/dgs/fpi/what-we-do/anti-torture_measures_en.htm .

6. ELECTRONIC SHOP

NYIKA YEKUTANGA MAZHIRO

Zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwemusika wemukati (unonziwo nyika yekwakabva musimboti) muChinyorwa 3 cheE-Commerce Directive, mupi weruzivo rwesosaiti masevhisi (information society services anotsanangurwa se "chero masevhisi anowanzo kupihwa mubairo, kure, nenzira dzemagetsi uye pachikumbiro chega chega anogamuchira masevhisi "- ona Chinyorwa 1 (1) b) European ( EU) 2015/1535 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru ye9 Gunyana 2015 kuisa nzira yeruzivo mundima yetekinoroji mirau uye yemitemo yezveruzivo masevhisi) kumutemo weEU Member State mu. iyo ine hofisi yayo yakanyoreswa, uye kwete kumitemo yakasiyana yeEU Member States umo masevhisi ayo anopihwa, kunyangwe gadziriro iyi ichibvumidza zvimwe. Urongwa uhwu hunozadzikiswa nemutemo unorambidza maitiro ekare emvumo uye zvakafanana zvinodikanwa zvinoshanda kune vanopa masevhisi aya (Chinyorwa 4 cheE-Commerce Directive). Uye zvakare, iyo Directive inoisa pasi zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa kuti ruzivo rupiwe kune vashandisi, kupedzisa kwezvibvumirano zvepamhepo uye nekutaurirana kwekutengeserana kwepamhepo. 5 kusvika ku11 yeElectronic Commerce Directive). Mhosva yevanopa masevhisi vepakati inogumira mune dzimwe nguva ( Chikamu 4 cheChitsauko II cheE-Commerce Directive).

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, masevhisi esangano reruzivo ari kuUnited Kingdom uye kupa masevhisi ezveruzivo muEU haachakwanisa kuvimba nenyika kwaakabva kana mutemo uyu, unorambidza kupihwa mvumo kwekare. Ivo havachave vari pasi pezvakakosha ruzivo zvinodiwa zvakaiswa muE-Commerce Directive. Makambani anogara kuUnited Kingdom anopa ruzivo nzanga masevhisi muEU nekudaro achave ari pasi pehunyanzvi hweEU-27 Nhengo dzeNyika. Imwe neimwe EU-27 Nhengo yeNyika ichava nekodzero yekupa masevhisi akadaro zvichienderana nemutemo wayo wenyika, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira maitiro. mvumo kana mitemo ine chekuita neruzivo rwunofanirwa kupihwa kune vashandisi. Pamusoro pezvo, vanopa masevhisi vepakati vanogara kuUnited Kingdom havachave pasi pezvisungo zvakanyorwa muE-Commerce Directive.

NETWORK NEUTRALITY

Regulation (EU) 2015/2120 paInternet Open inoisa mitemo yakajairwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekubatwa kwetraffic zvakaenzana uye zvisina rusarura mukupihwa kweInternet masevhisi uye kodzero dzine chekuita nemushandisi wekupedzisira. Kunyange hazvo mitemo iyi isingachashande kuUnited Kingdom kubva pazuva rekubviswa, icharamba ichitonga kupihwa kweinternet masevhisi muEU-27, zvisinei nekuti mupi wezveruzivo wesosaiti akatangwa.

Ruzivo rwese nezve e-commerce uye ruzivo nzanga masevhisi anogona kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti href = "https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/e-commerce-directive"> https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/e-commerce- chirevo .

Peji ino ichagadziridzwa sezvinodiwa maererano nekubviswa kweUK.

Iyo e-commerce dhairekitori inovhara, semuenzaniso, ruzivo rwepamhepo masevhisi (senge mapepanhau epamhepo), kutengesa kwepamhepo kwezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi (mabhuku, masevhisi emari nemasevhisi ekushanya), kushambadza pamhepo, mabasa ehunyanzvi (magweta, vanachiremba, chaiwo. estate agents). , masevhisi evaraidzo uye masevhisi epakati (internet kuwana, kutumira ruzivo uye kutambira, kureva kuchengetedza ruzivo pakombuta inotambira). Aya masevhisi anosanganisirawo masevhisi anopiwa kumugamuchiri mahara, ayo anopiwa mari, semuenzaniso, nekushambadza kana kubatsira kwevatsigiri.

7. KUTENGWA KWEZVOZVO

Zvichienderana ne Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, mutemo wekutengwa neveruzhinji weEU hauchashanda kuUnited Economic shandisa chero zvivimbiso zvine chekuita nemutemo weEU wekutenga zvinhu veruzhinji. Rondedzero yemidziyo inoumba EU acquis mundima yekutenga neruzhinji inowanikwa pa https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/public_procurement.pdf .

Mhedzisiro yemaitiro ekutenga veruzhinji kwakatangwa nevakuru veEU Member State pazuva rekubviswa:

• Vashandi veku UK vachange vaine chimiro chakafanana nevamwe vese masangano enyika yechitatu ayo EU isina chibvumirano nawo pakuvhurwa kwemusika wekutenga zvinhu neveruzhinji. Saka vachave pasi pemitemo yakafanana nechero nyika yechitatu. Izvi hazvina kukanganisa kune ramangwana reUnited Kingdom kupinda muWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) Government Procurement Agreement .
• Chisungo 85 cheDirective 2014/25 / EU, iyo inodzora maitiro ekutengwa kwezvinhu nemasangano anoshanda munzvimbo dzemvura, magetsi, ekufambisa uye eposvo, inopa kuti matende anounzwa muEU anogona kurambwa kana: mugove wezvigadzirwa zvinobva kunyika dzechitatu idzo EU isati yapedza chibvumirano chaizopa makambani eEU mukana wakafanana uye unoshanda kumisika yenyika dzechitatu inodarika makumi mashanu muzana ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvinogadzira izvo zvinopihwa. Kunyangwe pasina zvipo zvakadaro vanogona kusapa mukana wekupihwa kwezvibvumirano uko kune matende akaenzana ezvisingasviki makumi mashanu muzana ezvigadzirwa zvinobva kunyika dzechitatu. Naizvozvo, murudzi urwu rwekutenga zvinhu muEU, ma tender ane zvinopfuura 50% zvezvigadzirwa zvinobva kuUnited Kingdom kana kunyika dzechitatu acharambwa kana kuti haatungamirire kumubairo wekondirakiti.
• Sezvakataurwa murecital 18 yeDirective 2009/81 / EC, iyo inodzora maitirwo ekutenga nemakondirakiti ezviremera kana masangano ari munzvimbo dzedziviriro nechengetedzo8, Nyika dzenhengo dzeEU dzinoramba dziine simba rekusarudza kana zviremera zvadzo nemasangano zvingabvumidza hupfumi. vafambisi vanobva kunyika dzechitatu kuti vaite maitiro edziviriro nekuchengetedzwa kwekutenga zvinhu. Vafambisi vezvehupfumi muUnited Kingdom nokudaro vanogona kusabatanidzwa pakushandura matende mundima yedziviriro nechengetedzo.
• Pamusoro pezvo, Chinyorwa 22 cheDirective 2009/81 / EC kuti Nhengo dzeNyika dzinoziva zvibvumirano zvekuchengetedza izvo zvavanofunga kuti zvakaenzana nemvumo yekuchengetedzwa yakapiwa maererano nemutemo wenyika yadzo. United Kingdom haichadikanirwi kuziva zvibvumirano zvekuchengetedza zvakawanikwa nevashandisi vekuUnited Kingdom, kunyangwe ivo vachizviona senge zvakaenzana nemvumo yavo yekuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuburitswa kwemapoka ekuchengetedza eUK kubva kuEU kudzivirira uye kuchengetedzwa kwekutenga maitiro.

Nezve maitirwo ekutenga zvinhu zvisingapedzwe nezuva rekubviswa, EU iri kutsvaga kubvumirana neUnited Kingdom pamusoro pemhinduro muchibvumirano chekubvisa. Mamisimboti anotsigira chinzvimbo cheEU pamatanho ekutenga akavhurika anowanikwa pa:

https: // ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/public-procurement_en .

United Kingdom yakataura chishuwo chayo chekubvuma Chibvumirano Chekutenga Nekutenga Hurumende (GPA) muhurongwa hwezvisungo zveWTO zvichitevera kubuda kwayakaita muEU uye yakapa chibvumirano chekuzvipira kwayo mukutenga zvinhu neruzhinji. EU yakatsigira chirongwa ichi. Pamusangano weGPA Committee musi wa28 Kukadzi 2019, mapato ese ari muGPA akabvumirana kuti United Kingdom ipinde muGPA. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehurongwa hwekubuda kweUnited Kingdom nemwedzi mitanhatu, Komiti yeGPA yakabvumidza musi wa26 Chikumi 2019 kuwedzerwa kwenguva yekuti United Kingdom iise mudziyo wayo wekupinda muGPA mukupihwa kweUnited Kingdom. zvirevo zvehurongwa hwazvino hwezvisungo zveEU pasi peChibvumirano ichi zvinodzokororwa kusvika pamwero unoshanda kuUnited Kingdom. Chinangwa chayo chaive chekuti mamwe mapato ari muchibvumirano arambe akaenzana pamusika mushure mekupinda muGPA. Nezvekudzokororwa kwezvisungo zveEU Charter of Obligations, United Kingdom inofanirwa kugadzirisa hunyanzvi kuti itore nhoroondo yekuti mutemo weEU hauchashandi kuUnited Kingdom. GPA ichashanda kuUnited Kingdom senhengo yeEU kusvika zuva rekubuda muEU, kana kusvika pakupera kwenguva yekuchinja kana EU neUnited Kingdom dzikamisa chibvumirano chinopa nguva yekuchinja yakadaro panguva iyo Union. mutemo uchashanda. zvakare kuUnited Kingdom.

8. SIMBA

Zvichienderana nechero zviyero zvinogona kuiswa mukati kubva pazuva rekubviswa, mutemo weEuropean market regulation yemagetsi (Directive 2009/72 / EC of the European Regulation (EC) No 713/2009 yeEuropean Parliament uye yeKanzuru ye13 Chikunguru 2009 maererano nemitemo yakajairwa yemusika wemukati mumagetsi, Directive 2009/73 / EC yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru maererano nemitemo yakajairwa yemusika wemukati mugasi rechisikigo 2009 kutanga iyo Agency. yeKubatana kweMagetsi Regulators, Regulation (EC) No 714/2009 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru ye13 Chikunguru 2009 pamamiriro ekuwana iyo sisitimu yekuchinjisa muganhu mumagetsi, Regulation (EC) Kwete No 715 / 2009 ye13 Chikunguru 2009 pamusoro pemamiriro ekuwana kune echisikigo gasi kutapurirana network (Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 yeEuropean Paramende uye yeKanzuru ye25 Gumiguru 2011 pamusika wesimba kutendeseka uye pachena) Ndatova kuUnited States hazvishande . Izvi zvichava ne zvinotevera :

MARIPIRO PAKATI PAVATARIDZI CHEMASYSTEM OPERATORS (TSOs)

Mumutemo (EC) Nha Regulation (EC) No 714/2009 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru ye13 Chikunguru 2009 pamusoro pemamiriro ekuwana hurongwa hwekuchinjisa muganhu mumagetsi - ona kunyanya Zvinyorwa 13 uye 14) inoisa misimboti yemuripo. nzira inoshandiswa pakati peTSOs nemachaji ekuwana masisitimu.

Pahwaro hwemisimboti iyi, Commission Regulation (EU) Nha Commission Regulation (EU) No 838/2010 ye23 Gunyana 2010 inoisa nhungamiro ine chekuita nemaitiro emuripo pakati pevanotapurirana masisitimu anoshanda uye yakajairwa kudzora nzira yekuchaja yekufambisa - ona kunyanya mapoinzi 2 ne3 eAnnex A) iyo EU TSOs ine basa. yekugamuchira kuyerera kwemagetsi kuyambuka mumanetiweki avo. Izvi inotsiva kuchaja kuri pachena kwekushandisa mainterconnector.

Nezvekupinza uye kunze kwenyika kwemagetsi kubva kunyika dzechitatu, Commission Regulation (EU) Nha Regulation (EC) No 838/2010 (point 7 yeAnnex A to Commission Regulation (EU) No 838/2010) inopa kuti zvese zvakarongwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye kunze kwenyika kwemagetsi kubva kunyika dzese dzechitatu dzisina kugamuchira chibvumirano chekushandisa mutemo weMubatanidzwa unofanirwa kubhadharwa. mubhadharo wekushandisa nzira yekufambisa. Kubva pazuva rekubviswa kwemagetsi, gadziriro iyi ichashandiswawo pakutenga magetsi kubva kunze kwenyika kubva kuUnited Kingdom uye nekutengesa kwawo kuUnited Kingdom.

ENERGY CONNECTIVITY

EU gasi uye magetsi emusika mutemo unoisa pasi mitemo yekugovewa kweiyo interconnector hunyanzvi uye nzira dzekufambisa kuita kwemitemo iyoyo. Kunyanya:

Komisheni Regulation (EU) 2016/1719 (ona Zvinyorwa 48 kusvika ku50 zveCommission Regulation (EU) 2016/1719 ye26. 2016 kuisa pasi mazano ekugoverwa kwehutano hwenguva refu) chikuva chimwe chete chekugoverwa kwemaitiro akareba eTSO interconnectors anotangwa. Iyi puratifomu inzvimbo yepakati yekuonana kune vatori vechikamu vemusika kuchengetedza kwenguva yakareba kutapurirana simba mukati meEU;

Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2195 (ona Zvinyorwa 19 kusvika 21 zveCommission Regulation (EU) 2017/2195 ye23 Mbudzi 2017 inoisa nhungamiro pakuenzanisa hurongwa hwemagetsi) inogadza European Regulatory Energy Platforms kuchinjana kwezvakajairwa zvigadziriso zvigadzirwa. Aya mapuratifomu, senge mapoinzi ekusangana, anobvumira EU TSOs kuwana regulatory simba kuyambuka-muganho uye nguva pfupi isati yashandiswa;

Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 (ona Zvitsauko 5 uye 6 zveCommission Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 ye24 Chikunguru 2015 inoisa nhungamiro yekugovera masimba uye manejimendi yekusangana) inosuma imwe chete. zuva nezuva uye intraday magetsi misika muEU. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vatori vechikamu vemusika kuronga kutengeserana kwepamuganhu mukutengeserana kwemagetsi mukati meEU nguva pfupi isati yasvika. Zuva rimwechete uye intraday misika yekubatanidza zvinhu zvepakati zvekubatanidzwa kweEU yemukati magetsi musika. Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 inoisawo pasi zvinodiwa zvakajairwa pakudomwa kwevanodomwa vatengesi vemusika wemagetsi mumamiriro ekubatana kwemusika. Mabasa avo anosanganisira kugamuchira maodha kubva kuvatori vechikamu pamusika, kutakura mutoro wakazara wekuenzanisa uye kugovera maodha zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yezuva rimwechete uye intraday musika wekubatana, kuburitsa mitengo, pamwe nekujekesa uye kugadzirisa zvibvumirano zvinobva mukutengeserana kwekutengeserana pasi pezvibvumirano zvinoenderana pakati pevatori vechikamu. uye mutemo. Vakasarudzwa pamusika wemagetsi vane kodzero yekupa masevhisi avo muNhengo dzeNyika kunze kweNhengo dzeNyika izvo zvavanoda.

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, vashandi vanoshanda muUnited Kingdom vacharega kutora chikamu mune imwe puratifomu yekugoverwa kwemaitiro ekubatana kwenguva refu, mapuratifomu eEuropean ane simba rekutonga uye kubatanidzwa kumwe chete kwemusika wezuva uye intraday. Vashandisi vemusika wemagetsi vakadomwa vari kuUnited Kingdom vanove vashandi venyika yechitatu uye havachakodzeri kupa masevhisi ekubatanidza misika muEU.

EGSI NEKUTENGESA GESI

Mumutemo (EU) Nha Regulation (EU) Hapana 1227/2011 yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru ye25 Gumiguru 2011 pamusika wesimba rekutengesa kutendeseka uye kubuda pachena kunorambidza kushungurudzwa kwemusika mumisika yeEU yemagetsi negasi. Kumhan'ara nyaya dzekushungurudzwa kwemusika, Chisungo chechipfumbamwe (1) 1 nariadenia (EU) č. 1227/2011 kubva kuEU musika vatori vechikamu kunyoresa nemukuru wavo wesimba renyika. Vatori vechikamu pamusika wechitatu vanosungirwa kuti vanyorese nevanodzora magetsi eNyika yenhengo mavanoshanda.

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, vatori vechikamu pamusika vanogara kuUnited Kingdom vanove nyika yechitatu. Naizvozvo, maererano neChinyorwa 9 (1) 1 nariadenia (EU) č. Pasi peRegulation (EU) No 1227/2011, vatori vechikamu vakagadzwa kuUnited Kingdom vanoshuvira kuenderera mberi nekutengesa muEU wholesale energy zvigadzirwa vachafanirwa kunyoresa neNational energy regulator yeNhengo yeNyika yavanoshanda mairi. Maererano neChinyorwa 9 para. 4 nariadenia (EU) č. 1227/2011, fomu rekunyoresa rinofanira kuendeswa kusati kwapera kutengeserana, iyo inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviga zvekuteedzera pasi peZvinyorwa 13 kusvika ku18 zveRegulation (EU) No 1227/2011 zvinotumirwa. 1227/2011 aigona zvinobudirira ndiyo ine basa rekutonga nyika iyo yakanyoresa UK musika wevatori vechikamu.

PPS INVESTMENTS

Directive 2009/72 / EC (12 Directive 2009/72 / EC yeEuropean Parliament uye yeKanzuru ya13 Chikunguru 2009 maererano nemitemo yakajairika yemusika wemukati wemagetsi) uye Directive 2009/73 / EC (Directive 2009/ 72 / EC yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru 73 / EC maererano nemitemo yakajairwa yemusika wemukati mugasi rechisikigo) inopa chitupa cheTSOs. Zvichienderana neChinyorwa 11 cheDirective 2009/72 / EC uye Directive 2009/73 / EC, chitupa cheTSOs chinodzorwa nemunhu wechitatu-nyika (s) chiri pasi pemitemo chaiyo. Kunyanya, Mitemo inoda kuti Nyika dziri Nhengo neKomisheni iongorore kana kupa chitupa kune TSO inobatwa, iyo inodzorwa nevanhu vemunyika yechitatu, kungakanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwesimba reNyika Yenhengo neEU.

TSOs inodzorwa neveUK investimendi panguva yekubviswa inoonekwa seyo inodzorwa nevanhu vanobva kune imwe nyika yechitatu. Kuti maTSO aya arambe achishanda muEU, anoda chitupa zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 11 cheDirective 2009/72 / EC uye Directive 2009/73 / EC. Nhengo dzeNyika dzinogona kuramba certification kana kuchipa kuchikanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwekuwanikwa muNyika Yenhengo.

ZVIITIKO ZVOKUPIWA UYE KUSHANDISWA KWEMVUME YOKUTSVAKA, KUONGORORA UYE KUBVA MAHYDROCARBONS

Directive 94/22 / EC (Directive 94/22 / EC yeEuropean Parliament uye yeCouncil ya30 Chivabvu 1994 pamusoro pemamiriro ekupihwa nekushandisa mvumo yekutarisa, kuongorora nekugadzirwa kwemahydrocarbons) inodzika mitemo ye mvumo yekuongorora, kuongorora uye kubvisa hydrocarbon. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, inova nechokwadi chekuti nzira dzakavhurika kumasangano ese uye kuti mvumo inopihwa pachishandiswa chinangwa uye maitiro akaburitswa. Maererano neChinyorwa 2 para. Pasi pechikamu chechipiri cheChinyorwa 94 (2) cheDirective 94/22 / EC, Nhengo dzeNyika dzinogona. kuramba kuwana uye kushandisa zviitwa izvozvo kune chero sangano rinongodzorwa nenyika dzechitatu kana zvizvarwa zvenyika yechitatu.

Kubva pazuva rekubviswa, Chinyorwa 2 (1) Chisungo 2 cheDirective 94/22 / EC chichashanda kana mvumo yapihwa kana kunyorerwa nesangano rinongodzorwa neUnited Kingdom kana zvizvarwa zveUnited Kingdom.

Ruzivo rwese rwunowanikwa pawebhusaiti yeCommission's Energy Policy ( https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en / kumba ).

Saiti ino ichagadziridzwa nezvimwe zvigadziriso sezvinodiwa.

9. ZVISITIFITI PAVAKATANGA SIMBA KUBVA KUBVA ZVINOITWA ZVINHU

Zvichienderana nechero matanho ekuchinja anogona kupihwa mune chero chibvumirano chekubvisa, iyo Directive pamusoro pekusimudzirwa kwekushandiswa kwesimba kubva kune zvinodzokororwa zvinyorwa uye Directive 2012/27 / EU pamusoro pesimba remagetsi haichashanda kuUnited Kingdom. Munzvimbo yezvitupa zvekwakabva uye zvitupa zvevaisimi, izvi zvichava nemhedzisiro inotevera:

ZVIITIKO ZVAKABVA

Zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 15 (<) Zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 2 cheDirective 2009/28 / EC, Nhengo dzeNyika dzinofanirwa kuona kuti chitupa chekwakabva chinopihwa nekukumbirwa kwemugadziri wemagetsi kubva kusimba rinogoneka. Zvitupa zvekwakabva zvichapihwa nechinangwa chekuratidza kugova kana huwandu hwesimba kubva kune inodzokororwa masosi mumusanganiswa wesimba remupi kune vatengi vekupedzisira zvinoenderana neChikamu 3 (2). 9 yeDirective 2009/72 / EC. Zvinoenderana neChikamu 15 (2) Zvinoenderana neChikamu 9 cheDirective 2009/28 / EC, Nyika dzenhengo dzinofanirwa kucherechedza zvitupa nedzimwe Nyika dziri Nhengo.

EU-27 Nhengo dzeNyika hadzichacherechedzi zvitupa zvekwakabva zvakapihwa zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 15 kubva pazuva rekubviswa. 2 yeDirective 2009/28 / EC nevakuru vakadomwa muUnited Kingdom.

Zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 14 (<) Zvinoenderana neChisungo 10 cheDirective 2012/27 / EU, Nhengo dzeNyika dzinofanirwa kuona kuti kwakabva magetsi anogadzirwa kubva mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro kunogona kuvimbiswa zvinoenderana nechinangwa, chakajeka uye chisina rusarura uye dzinofanirwa kuburitsa zvitupa zvekutanga zvemagetsi zvinovhara chiyero. huwandu hunosvika 1 MWh zvirinani ruzivo rwuri muAnnex X. Nyika dziri nhengo dzinofanira kucherechedza zvitupa zvekwakabva.

EU-27 Nhengo dzeNyika hadzichacherechedzi zvitupa zvekwakabva zvakapihwa zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 14 (2) kubva pazuva rekubviswa. 10 yeDirective 2012/27 / EU nevakuru vakadomwa muUnited Kingdom.

CERTIFICATION FOR MAERERANO neChikamu 14 (1) Zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 3 cheDirective 2009/28 / EC, Nhengo dzeNyika dzinofanirwa kuona kuti vanoisa madiki-madiki biomass boilers nechoto, solar photovoltaic uye. masisitimu ekudziisa, masisitimu asina kudzika egeothermal uye pombi dzekudziya, zvirongwa zvekupa zvitupa kana masisitimu akafanana ekukodzera zvinoenderana nemaitiro akaiswa muAnnex IV kune Directive iyoyo. Nhengo dzeNyika dzinofanirwa kucherechedza zvitupa zvakapihwa nedzimwe Nhengo dzeNyika zvinoenderana nemaitiro aya.

EU-27 Nhengo dzeNyika hadzichaziva zvitupa zvakapihwa neUnited Kingdom maererano neChinyorwa 14 (2) kubva pazuva rekubviswa. 3 yeDirective 2009/28 / EC.

Ruzivo rwese rwunowanikwa pawebhusaiti yeCommission's Energy Policy: https: // ec. europa .eu/energy/en/home .

Nzvimbo ino ichagadziridzwa neruzivo rwazvino sezvinodiwa.

10. KODZERO DZAMUTENDI PASHURE BREXITE HARD

Mushure mekutaura kweUnited Kingdom pasina kubvumidzwa kwechibvumirano chekutonga kwehukama hwehukama, vagari veSlovak Republic vanotenga kubva kuUnited Kingdom havazongozviisirwa vimbiso yehukuru hwekodzero dzevatengi dzavanadzo parizvino pasi pemutemo weEU. Mutemo wenyika yeUnited Kingdom pari zvino uri kuenderana nemutemo weEU, asi United Kingdom haizosungirwe kuchengetedza mamiriro aya kana yasiya basa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, panogona kunge paine shanduko mumitemo yenyika muUnited Kingdom, izvo zvinogona kureva mwero wakasiyana wedziviriro kune vatengi kupfuura zvavanojaira pakutenga mukati meEU. Nekudaro, kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi pasi pemutemo weEU kuchashandawo kune kutenga kubva kuUnited Kingdom kana mutengesi weUK achiratidzira bhizinesi rake kune vatengi muSlovak Republic. Saka Ministry inokurudzira kuwedzera kungwara mukati zvinhu nemasevhisi kubva kuUnited Kingdom.

Vatengi vanobva kuSlovak Republic havazokwanisawo kushandisa mapuratifomu eEU pasi pekukakavadzana nekugadzirisa gakava kunze kwedare uye kugadzirisa gakava repamhepo mukukakavadzana nevatengesi veku UK. Sangano reEuropean Consumer Center rekuUnited Kingdom richamira kuve nhengo yeEuropean Consumer Centers Network, izvo zvichadzivirira kuti isabatike neEuropean Consumer Center muSlovak Republic kuti ibatsire mukugadzirisa gakava riripo pakati pemugari wekuSlovakia neUK. mutengesi.

Kana mutengi weSlovakia akasarudza kutaura kodzero dzake dzemutengi kudare redzimhosva, kubuda kweUK kubva kuEU hakuzokonzerese kuita kana mutengesi wekuUK atengesa zvinhu kana masevhisi kumutengi munyika. umo anorarama. Zvakadaro, mutongo wedare reSlovak Republic mukukakavadzana kwevatengi haungovimbisi wega mukana wekucherechedzwa nekutevedzwa kwechisarudzo ichocho muUnited Kingdom. Mutongo wakadaro unogoneka chete kucherechedzwa nekutevedzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo dare remuUK rinotonga, pasi pemutemo wenyika yavo, kucherechedza nekusimbisa mutongo wedare kubva kuNhengo yeEU mune gakava rakapihwa vatengi.

Rumwe ruzivo nezve shanduko yekodzero dzevatengi nezvisungo zvichitevera kubuda kweUK kubva kuEU runogona kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti yeEuropean Commission (

11. BATA

Kana paine mimwe mibvunzo ine chekuita neBrexit, iri muhunyanzvi hweMH SR, unogona kutibata pae-mail kero brexit@mhsr.sk .

Kwakabva: Ministry of Economy yeSlovak Republic, 3.4.2020

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