Isihloko esilandelayo sebhulogi siyiqiniso kancane, ukuze ucabange ukuthi imuphi umlando ofihliwe ngemuva kokuphuza kanye nje kwewayini lase-Slovakia.
Ngenxa ye- inombolo encane yezinto zobuciko ezilotshiwe ezigciniwe, kuphola ekuqaleni kokwenziwa kwewayini eSlovakia kunzima. Isenzo sokuqala esibhaliwe sisuka ekhulwini le-11, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi indawo yokukhiqiza iwayini yase ifinyelele isakhiwo esithuthukisiwe, lapho singacabanga ukuthi izisekelo zayo zakhiwe ngaphambili. Kungenzeka ukususa lokhu kuqokwa okungenani emakhulwini amabili kuya kwangu-3 ngaphambi kwekhulu le-11 kulo lonke elaseningizimu yeSlovakia.
Umbusi waseRoma u-Probus, owayala ukusungulwa kwezivini ezindaweni lapho kunendawo efanele, usize ukusabalala komvini ezweni lakithi. Iwayini elakhiqizwa amaCelt ngaphambi kwalokhu oda lalibhekiselwa kulo izazi-mlando zangaleso sikhathi ngokuthi 'linongwe'. Ngaleso sikhathi, iwayini leCeltic lalikude nokunambitheka kwanamuhla okulinganiselayo nokwaziswayo. Isizathu singase kube izimo zezulu ezihlukene, eziye zashintsha phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ukuze zibe esimweni samanje.
Izivini ezasungulwa ngohlelo lwamaRoma zakhiwe eduze kweDanube, eyakha umngcele phakathi kwezifundazwe zaseRoma. Ukufuduka kwezizwe kuletha amaSlav, aqhubeka nesiko elisungulwe. Kodwa-ke, i-boom elandelayo iza kuphela nenyunyana yamaSlav kanye nokudalwa kwe-Great Moravia. Ukufika kukaCyril noMethodius akuqinisekisanga nje kuphela ukusakazeka kobuKristu, kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa kwewayini emikhosini, okwabunikeza isici esingokomoya.
Izindawo ezitshala umvini zakhiwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Stephen I., izinhlangano ziyasungulwa, amadolobha athola isihloko sedolobha lasebukhosini lamahhala. Abantu abeza ngemva kokuqothulwa kwamasosha aseTatar, baletha izinhlobo ezintsha nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula nabo. Ukukhiqizwa kwewayini kusiza izakhamuzi kanye nabenzi bewayini ukuthi bazuze ezinye izimboni ezingakwenzi. Inkosi kanye nezicukuthwane babenentshisekelo yokuhweba lesi sihloko phesheya. Iwayini lithuthukise kakhulu isikhwama sabo semali.
Isikhathi sendawo enkulu kunazo zonke embozwe imivini yinkathi yokubusa kuka-Maria Theresa nomyeni wakhe u-Josef II. Izivini zafinyelela cishe ku-57,000 ha. Kulapha lapho isiko lakudala, esibhale ngalo engosini yokugcina, lineziqalo zalo.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, indawo enkulu esetshenziselwa umvini yahlaselwa yisifo i-phylloxera, esahlasela futhi sacekela phansi u-80% wezivini zase-Europe. Ngakho-ke, umvini okhuphukayo waseMelika, owawugonyelwe yilesi sifo, kwakudingeka ungeniswe kwamanye amazwe. I-57,000ha yasekuqaleni e-Slovakia ayizange ibuyiselwe.
Socialism isekela i-viticulture, ngeshwa, ubuningi beza ngezindleko zekhwalithi. Ukusuka endaweni eyi-acreage yangemva kwempi eyi-12,000ha, yanda yafinyelela cishe kumahekitha angama-30,000. Isigaba esisha emlandweni wethu ngemva kwe-Gentle Revolution ilethe isiqalo esisha ku-viticulture yaseSlovak. Unganambitha imiphumela yakhona namuhla.
Imithombo:
KAZIMÍR,Š.1986. Ukutshala umvini nokukhiqizwa kwewayini e-Slovakia esikhathini esidlule. Bratislava: VEDA, 1986. 327 p.
https://historyweb.dennikn.sk/clanky/detail/kedy-prislo-vino-na-uzemie-slovenska
http://slovakiawines.com/ ikhasi lasekhaya-slovakiawines/historia/
Igalari yesithombe: https:/ / www.vinoruban.sk/strucna-historia-vinohradnictva-a-vinarstva-na-slovensku/