Amanzi ayingqayizivele avela kwidiphozithi engavamile eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-70 ubudala. Umsuka wayo une-alkaline kancane ene-pH engu-7.4. Ngokusho kocwaningo, ayikaze ihlangane ne-surface chemistry eminyakeni engama-65. Ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zamanzi ezingane kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Iqukethe i-asilicic acid engavamile. Inenkomba ye-COD ephansi kakhulu.